As the fighting gets closer to Phnom Penh, the United States steps up its air activities in support of the Cambodian government. President John F. Kennedy decides to increase military aid to South Vietnam without committing U. Kennedy was concerned at the advances being made by the communist Viet Cong, but did not want to become involved in a land war in Vietnam. He hoped that the Did the young Austrian nun named Maria really take to the hills surrounding Salzburg to sing spontaneously of her love of music?
On November 16, , a Russian court sentences Fyodor Dostoevsky to death for his allegedly antigovernment activities linked to a radical intellectual group. His execution is stayed at the last minute. Sign up now to learn about This Day in History straight from your inbox. On November 16, , the British author J. Based on the mega-best-selling fantasy novel of His grave robbing, necrophilia and cannibalism gained national attention, and may have provided inspiration for the characters of Norman Bates in Psycho and serial killer Buffalo Bill in In a move that stirs up some controversy, as part of "Operation Paperclip," the United States ships 88 German scientists to America to assist the nation in its production of rocket technology.
The three brothers, who are not in the house at the time, have already faced intense discrimination due to their HIV status, and today their The Chicano Moratorium, as this massive protest was known, was peaceful until the Los Angeles Sheriff's Department entered Laguna Park, sparking violence and rioting Jackson began performing with his four brothers in the pop group the Jackson 5 when he was a child. The group scored its first No. Despite being only the third most powerful storm of the hurricane season, Katrina was among the worst natural disasters in the history of the United States.
In the Sign up now to learn about This Day in History straight from your inbox. On August 29, , Brazilian distance runner Vanderlei de Lima is attacked by a spectator while running the marathon, the final event of the Summer Olympics in Athens, Greece. At the time of the incident, De Lima had a second lead in the race with four miles to go. De Lima, Ishi, who was described as the last surviving member of the Native Amercain Yahi tribe, is discovered in California on August 29, By the first decade of the 20th century, Euro-Americans had so overwhelmed the North American continent that scarcely any Native Americans On August 29, , the Swedish-born actress and three-time Academy Award winner Ingrid Bergman dies of cancer on her 67th birthday.
Bergman, who was best known for her role as Ilsa Lund in Casablanca, created an international scandal in when she had a son with the Italian It would go on to cause deaths from Puerto Rico to New England over the next two weeks. On August 31, Donna attained hurricane status and headed west toward the Richard Jewell, the hero security guard turned Olympic bombing suspect, dies at age 44 of natural causes at his Georgia home.
On July 27, , during the Summer Games in Atlanta, a pipe bomb with nails went off in crowded Centennial Olympic Park, killing one woman and injuring Confederate General Robert E. Frustrated with McClellan, who was GM , is born on August 29, , in Loudonville, Ohio. Of the patents Kettering obtained over the course of his lifetime, perhaps the most notable was his electric Live TV. This Day In History. And he was rather successful in deploying them too, earning the devout respect of much of the Inca population.
There had been many losses in the north of the empire, though, as the Sapa Inca tried to extend his lands still further. For 17 long years, Ecuadorian natives had fought against these incursions, stretching Inca resources and manpower to the limit.
It was perhaps a sign that the empire was getting too great to handle. The only conditions for succession were that the new leader be of royal blood and fit to rule. The previous ruler usually named his successor, or the position was filled by the most capable offspring, not necessarily the oldest. The constitutional crisis was only compounded by the fact that the empire had grown so large that finding a single figure that the whole and varied population could faithfully support wasnow difficult to the point of impossible.
Atahualpa, however, had on his side the substantial and experienced armies that he and his father had been fighting alongside in the north. That military experience would tell. After three long years of battles along the spine of the Andes, Atahualpa was gaining the upper hand.
By , the younger halfbrother was seen as the undoubted successor. But he had little time to bask in the sunlight of his victory. He had been informed about their presence, but was destined never to meet a European. He encountered the smallpox epidemic before he encountered the Spaniards. The Spanish had been in full expansion mode for several decades. Since Christopher Columbus had established a settlement for the Spanish crown on the Caribbean island of Hispaniola, a legion of conquistadors began a land grab in the Americas.
In , he made his third voyage to South America, this time emboldened by the licence issued by the queen of Spain to conquer Peru in the name of his homeland. Had he landed a year later, the new regime under Atahualpa would have had time to make progress in unifying the disparate empire. As it was, Pizarro and his men encountered a land in disarray. The effects of the bitter civil war were conspicuous. As well as being a formidable military commander, Pizarro also possessed a key political brain.
He understood howa divided population could be taken advantage of. Pizarro firmly believed that history could repeat itself here in the Andes.
At first, Atahualpa regarded the presence of these strangers with mild curiosity at best. He did, though, send an envoy to investigate and observe these mysterious interlopers. This envoy, an Inca noble, spent two days among the Spaniards, examining their horses and their swords, and confirming the size of this ragged band. During lengthy discussions about it at council, some members expressed a preference to attack the invaders at once, to neutralise the threat straight away.
Instead, they were permitted to head towards the town of Cajamarca, where they might be later seized. Unbeknownst to Atahualpa — who, until then, believed himself to be the ruler of the known world — these strangers represented the vanguard of the Spanish empire.
They were deeply experienced soldiers scything their way through the metaphorical undergrowth to clear a path for control and colonisation, as well as grabbing as much gold for the Spanish crown as possible. By Friday 15 November , Pizarro and his men descended into the town of Cajamarca. They made the main square their base, settling in a series of barns, or kallankas, around the perimeter.
They were also used for sheltering soldiers. Pizarro was merely upholding the tradition. The Incas continue to be revered for their buildings. This technique was often adopted for temples and palaces — structures that were to last for centuries, if not in perpetuity. The royal estate of Machu Picchu boasts arguably the finest examples of the method, the durability of which was required in such a seismically sensitive landscape.
These earthquake-proof buildings were built to last. Innovative Inca engineering was also demonstrated with the construction of a 40,km road network. Based on a north-south main road off which other roads branched, it attempted to link up this long, stretched-out empire. Pizarro sent de Soto and around 15 horsemen to visit Atahualpa, whose camp was now comparatively nearby.
His instruction was to invite the Sapa Inca to visit Pizarro down in the town.
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